Masonry Clay Flue Tile Defects
Masonry clay flue tiles meet a harsh environment inside the chimney. Corrosive condensation, moisture, chimney fires, and other conditions may damage a flue tile. In certain circumstances, a clay flue tile can last for decades, provided they are maintained and the homeowner operates the appliance or burns responsibly.

Latent Defects are defects found within the system from improper and sometimes creative use of material that stray from building codes or the manufacturer's installation instructions. This deviation from the codes or installation instructions creates various issues within an installation.

Wear and Tear is the natural aging process where material breaks down over time. Wear and tear can also include how an appliance is operated. If it is too hot, it decreases the life of the appliance, chimney, and connector pipe. If the temperatures are too low, it can create a tar-like creosote and increase the likelihood of a Sudden Occurrence (or condensation with gas/oil). Another factor is maintenance or lack of maintenance. Wear and tear can sometimes overlap with other categories.

Moisture and Condensation damage occur when water enters the chimney interior due to a missing cap, leaking crown, cracks in the brick structure, freeze-thaw breaks in the bed or head joints, and a poor choice of brick, causing excess water absorption. Another source of water in a chimney can come from condensation. This condensation occurs when the flue gas temperature falls below the dew point. Because of the water percentage in natural gas and liquid propane, the flue gases may condense in masonry chimneys, especially those located along the home's exterior.
The next fuel to condense is wood. When the warm gases reach the masonry flue liners, they, too, cool off. The moisture is included with the other byproducts of wood burning – black creosote, watery or tarlike soot.
The last fuel, oil, will also condense on the masonry walls. Due to the higher efficiencies that oil appliances can now operate, they too will condense and, with their acidic nature, can destroy masonry clay flue tiles.

A Sudden Occurrence is a sudden event that causes damage. It can be a chimney fire, a sudden weather-related incident(s) such as a tornado, strong wind, or a seismic event. It has to be out of the ordinary of daily operations.
A Sudden Occurrence, the last Pathway, includes damage seen from a direct and sudden event. Indirect manners can apply to areas where mine subsidence has occurred (where mining was performed). Of the Pathways, this last defect(s) will usually become an insurable loss. The other three defect categories – Latent Defect, Wear & Tear, and Moisture are generally not insurable losses since insurance contracts (policies) do not include them.

We began our venture into the chimney industry as chimney sweeps in Pennsylvania in the 1970s. We swept chimneys and inspected them with the only available tool—a flashlight and, later, a mirror. It always left us feeling discomfort that there wasn't a better way to see into the chimney, and we might be missing something. Thus, we began building the first designated chimney inspection camera, and 40 years later, we are still manufacturing chimney cameras. 

Since we were chimney sweeps, we knew a chimney camera had to be tough. Chimneys can be rough and damaged, have sharp edges, contain acids, and pose a multitude of risks to any camera. Our commitment still stands today as we continue to manufacture commercial quality equipment designed specifically for the chimney industry.
 
In the video, Tom shares a story that would have shattered most cameras. A drop off a 40-foot building with only a damaged switch and a repair of $350. Tom also demonstrates as he drops our camera off the mezzanine at a distance of 16'. 

We are committed to quality, and we repair and upgrade our equipment. We get it. We understand the challenges of inspecting, cleaning, and relining chimneys.